Dragonflies and damselflies are extraordinary aerial predators that have existed for over 250 million years, equipped with near-360-degree vision, powerful flight abilities, and remarkable hunting skills both in air and underwater as nymphs. India is home to around 500 species, many of them found in biodiversity hotspots like the Western Ghats. However, a recent survey across five states revealed a worrying 35 per cent decline in dragonfly species, especially endemic ones, largely due to pollution, habitat destruction, climate change, quarrying, hydroelectric projects, and irresponsible tourism. Since these insects rely on clean freshwater ecosystems to breed and survive, their disappearance signals severe environmental degradation. Revered in some cultures and admired for their beauty and agility, dragonflies are now becoming indicators of the growing ecological crisis affecting India’s fragile natural habitats.